Lead and Zinc Sintering IntechOpen
1.3. Sintering process. Sinter is the primary feedstock for blast furnace to produce lead and zinc metals and it is obtained by the oxidation sintering of fine particulate zinc/lead sulphide concentrates in updraught sinter machines. A typical flowsheet of The lead–zinc sintering process (LZSP) is an important step in the ISP and features strong nonlinearity, a long sampling time to obtain quantity and quality (Q&Q) Intelligent integrated optimization and control system for lead
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Sensors Free Full-Text Deep Learning Based Feature
Sintering is a commonly used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace. The quality of sinter significantly impacts the blast furnace In view of the huge difference in the quality and price of sintering raw materials, this paper proposes an automatic sintering ore blending model to quickly configure sintering raw Metals Free Full-Text Research on Multi-Decision Sinter
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An efficient method for iron ore sintering with high-bed
An efficient method of the double-layer sintering process (DLSP) was proposed to achieve high-bed sintering and solve the aforementioned problems. This paper first analyzes the current situation of iron ore resources, the theory of sintering ore blending, and the difficulties faced by sintering ore blending. Then, the research status of the neural network Research Progress of Intelligent Ore Blending Model
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A Novel Sintering Process for Porous Iron Ore Sintering with
The increased sintering time of porous iron ore sintering is attributed to its highly reactive nature and early formation of significant amount of melt . Owing to the A multi-objective sintering batching optimization mathematical model based on the mining and beneficiation process is established with the optimization objectives of grade deviation, Automatic Ore Blending Optimization Algorithm
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A Process Intensification Approach to Improve Productivity
Intensification of the iron ore sintering process is approached with a four-way framework covering granulation improvement, waste gas recycling, fuel gas injection The iron ore fines (− 10 mm) are agglomerated using Dwight Lloyed sintering machine. The iron ore fines and coke breeze fines mix with moisture is fed on the sinter bed which is ignited by a gas burner to initiate sintering process. The hot sintered ore is discharged at the end of the machine. Most primary lead is smelted through theSinter Machine an overview ScienceDirect Topics
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Intelligent integrated optimization and control system for lead
The four steps of evaporation, heating, reaction, and sintering transform the balls into sintering agglomerate with a certain shape, which is discharged at the output end of the sintering machine. Fresh blowers 1 and 2 send in fresh air to feed the oxidation reaction, which removes S; and Gas-returning blowers 1 and 2 circulate the heat produced.Iron ore sintering is the iron ore powder agglomeration process that changes fine iron ore powder into the lumpy iron-bearing raw material used for blast furnace ironmaking. High-temperature process and addition of alkaline flux will improve metallurgical performance of iron-bearing raw material. Besides, the sintering process will consume theIron Ore Sintering SpringerLink
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Sintering and Briquetting Synergy in Blast Furnace Smelting
The article describes the concept of partially replacing the sinter in a blast furnace charge with extrusion briquettes to form the basis for sintering and briquetting synergy. The comparability criteria for sinter and extrusion briquette (brex) properties and production parameters were analyzed along with a substantiation of the fundamental The capacity of a sintering machine is typically given in terms of sulfur burning capacity and ranges from 1 to 2 ton/m 2 /day. The off-gas stream with an average of 4–6% SO 2 exhausts through a hood has a temperature ranging from 473 to 773 K (200–500 ᵒC), and is used for sulfuric acid production. The sinter product is made up of oxidesSintering Process an overview ScienceDirect Topics
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Effect of Oxygen Enrichment on Top Layer Sinter Properties
It was observed that with increasing oxygen percentage from 0 to 9 vol.% in the incoming air, top layer sinter yield increased from 76.1 to 80.6% and shatter index from 69.0 to 74.8%. TheIron ore sintering is a complicated thermo-chemical process which involves a vast amount of chemical reactions and physical changes. Feed materials which contain ores, coke, flux, gangue, returned mines, and etc. are granulated and charged into the sintering machine.Prediction of sinter yield and strength in iron ore sintering
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Effect of oxygen enrichment on sintering behavior of high
There is an abundance of VTM ore in Panzhihua, China, the vertical sintering rate and the sintering machine efficiency increased by 7.1% and 5%, respectively, and the return fines rate decreased by 6.1%. However, a reduction in sintering time can lead to insufficient sintering reaction time, which affects the quality of the sinter. TheIron ore sintering flue gas containing large amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can form secondary photochemical smog and organic aerosols, thus posing a serious threat to human health and the ecological environment. Catalytic combustion technology has been considered as one of the most prospective strategies Emission Control of Toluene in Iron Ore Sintering Using
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Control Optimization of a lead Sintering Process
The most important raw material is lead ore concentrates known as galena (lead sulfide). This concentrates are blended with lime, silica, iron, bag house dust and cleanup materials to form the led-silver mixtures. The oxidation process is carry out in a Dwight-Lloyd sintering machine with an area of 120 m2.It can be seen from Tables 1 and 2 that the blend with high iron grade has a high content of FeO (14.51 wt.%) because it consisted of 70 wt.% magnetite concentrate and 30 wt.% fine ore. The coke breeze has high fixed carbon content (83.37 wt.%) and low volatile matter content (1.57 wt.%). 2.2 Methods. The double-layer sintering process is An efficient method for iron ore sintering with high-bed
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Super-high bed sintering for iron ores: problems ascertainment
Super-high bed sintering process is an important development direction of iron ore sintering for its lower emission and higher yield. However, there is a lack of deep understanding of the uneven quality of super-high bed sintering products, and the deterioration of reduction disintegration performance, the thickening of hearth layer and Limonitic laterite contains low iron and nickel grades and much high smelting minerals and loss on ignition (LOI), identified as refractory iron ore for sintering. Thus, sinter pot tests of limonitic laterite via pressurized densification sintering and its intensification mechanism were conducted, and the industrial application prospect was Minerals Free Full-Text Effective Utilization of Limonitic
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Metals Free Full-Text Research on Sinter Quality Prediction
Sinter ore quality directly affects the stability of blast furnace production. In terms of both physical and chemical properties, the main indicators of sinter quality are the TFe content, alkalinity, and drum index. By analyzing the massive historical data on the sinter production of a steel company, this study proposes a sinter quality prediction Iron ore sintering is the second most energy consuming process in ironmarking, and the main energy consumption comes from the combustion of carbon. In order to improve the utilization of carbon in the process, taking a comprehensive coke ratio (CCR) as a metric of carbon efficiency, we develop a hybrid prediction model for CCR.Hybrid modeling and online optimization strategy for
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Prediction of sinter yield and strength in iron ore sintering
Iron ore sintering is a complicated thermo-chemical process which involves a vast amount of chemical reactions and physical changes. Feed materials which contain ores, coke, flux, gangue, returned mines, and etc. are granulated and charged into the sintering machine.Sintering is a commonly used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace. The quality of sinter significantly impacts the blast furnace ironmaking process. In the vast majority of sintering plants, the judgment of sintering quality still relies on the intuitive observation of the cross section at sintering machine tail by operators, which Sensors Free Full-Text Deep Learning Based Feature
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Iron Ore Agglomeration Technologies IntechOpen
However, the depletion of rich iron ore mines will lead to exploitation of complex chemistry ores and low-grade iron ore mines, Sugiyama T. Primary application of the in-bed-deNOx process using Ca-Fe oxides in iron ore sintering machines. ISIJ International. 2000; 40 (3):280-285. DOI: 10.2355/isijinternational.40.280; 55.
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